Question
Why are pyramids built triangle in shape?why not square?or any other shapes?
Answer
pyramid, structure br br brThe true pyramid exists only in Egypt, though the term has also been applied to similar structures in other countries. Egyptian pyramids are square in plan and their triangular sides, which directly face the points of the compass, slope upwards at approximately a angle from the ground and meet at an apex. The prototype for the pyramid are the mastabas of the Old Kingdom , which are rectangular in plan and have only two sloping sides. After these came the steppyramid at Sakkara, built c. , which soon evolved into the straightsided true pyramid. This monumental structure was developed around the IV dynasty and continued to be the favored form for royal burial through the VI dynasty.brbrEach monarch built his own pyramid in which his mummified body might be preserved for eternity away from human view and sacrilege. As a result of the lack of sophisticated machinery, the construction of each pyramid took many years and required measureless amounts of building materials and labor. Entrance into a pyramid is through an opening in the northern wall. A small passage, traversing lesser chambers, leads to the sepulchral room deep beneath the surface. Stone blocks forming a gable divert the weight of the great masonry masses over these chambers. Though the pyramids were usually built of rough stone blocks laid up in horizontal courses, many were constructed of mud bricks with a stone casing.brbrThe three pyramids of Giza near Cairo, all of the IV dynasty, are the largest and finest of their kind. The Great Pyramid of Khufu or Cheops begun c. was designated one of the Seven Wonders of the World and is the largest pyramid ever built. A solid mass of limestone blocks covering acres . hectares, it was originally ft m along each side of its base and ft m high. It has several passages, two large chambers in addition to one beneath the ground level, and two small air chambers for ventilation.brbrAlthough not true pyramids, pyramidical structures were also built by the Mesopotamians and by the Maya of Mexico and Central America. Mesopotamian ziggurat was square in plan and built up in receding terraces. Mayan pyramids, built in steep, receding blocks, also were topped by ritual chambers, and in some cases, possessed an interior crypt. Stepped funeral pyramids dating from the th cent. were discovered in the s in the Altai region of Siberia. The Romans built small pyramidical tombs of which the most famous was the Pyramid of Cestius in Rome. Built of concrete faced with marble, it has an interior tomb vault and is ft m high. Many modern architects have admired pyramids for their pure geometry. In the reconstruction of the Louvre in Paris, architect I. M. Pei added a pyramidal entrance pavilion .
